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2015 SESSION
15102331DBe it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That § 8.01-581.20 of the Code of Virginia is amended and reenacted as follows:
§ 8.01-581.20. Standard of care in proceeding before medical malpractice review panel; expert testimony; determination of standard in action for damages.
A. In any proceeding before a medical malpractice review panel
or in any action against a physician, clinical psychologist, podiatrist,
dentist, nurse, hospital or other health care provider to recover damages
alleged to have been caused by medical malpractice where the acts or omissions
so complained of are alleged to have occurred in this Commonwealth, the
standard of care by which the acts or omissions are to be judged shall be that
degree of skill and diligence practiced by a reasonably prudent practitioner in
the field of practice or specialty in this Commonwealth and the testimony of an
expert witness, otherwise qualified, as to such standard of care, shall be
admitted; provided, however, that the standard of care in the locality or in
similar localities in which the alleged act or omission occurred shall be
applied if any party shall prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the
health care services and health care facilities available in the locality and
the customary practices in such locality or similar localities give rise to a
standard of care which is more appropriate than a statewide standard. Any physician or nurse health care provider who is
licensed to practice in Virginia shall be presumed to know the statewide
standard of care in the specialty or field of
medicine practice
in which he is qualified and certified. This presumption shall also apply to
any physician
person who, but for the lack of
a Virginia license, would
be defined as a health care provider under this chapter, provided that
such person is licensed in some other state of the United
States and meets the educational and examination requirements for licensure in
Virginia. This presumption
shall also apply to any nurse licensed by a state participating in the Nurse
Licensure Compact. An expert witness who is familiar with
the statewide standard of care shall not have his testimony excluded on the
ground that he does not practice in this Commonwealth. A witness shall be
qualified to testify as an expert on the standard of care if he demonstrates expert
knowledge of the standards of the defendant's specialty and of what conduct
conforms or fails to conform to those standards and if he has had active
clinical practice in either the defendant's specialty or a related field of
medicine within one year of the date of the alleged act or omission forming the
basis of the action.
The provisions of this section shall apply to expert witnesses testifying on the standard of care as it relates to professional services in nursing homes.
B. In any action for damages resulting from medical malpractice, any issue as to the standard of care to be applied shall be determined by the jury, or the court trying the case without a jury.
C. In any action described in this section, each party may designate, identify or call to testify at trial no more than two expert witnesses per medical discipline on any issue presented. The court may permit a party, for good cause shown, to designate, identify, or call to testify at trial additional expert witnesses. The number of treating health care providers who may serve as expert witnesses pursuant to § 8.01-399 shall not be limited pursuant to this subsection, except for good cause shown. If the court permits a party to designate, identify, or call additional experts, the court may order that party to pay all costs incurred in the discovery of such additional experts. For good cause shown, pursuant to the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia, the court may limit the number of expert witnesses other than those identified in this subsection whom a party may designate, identify, or call to testify at trial.