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1999 SESSION
990107480Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §§ 3.1-22.28, 3.1-22.29 and 15.2-2288 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted, and that the Code of Virginia is amended by adding in Chapter 4.5 of Title 3.1 a section numbered 3.1-22.29:1 as follows:
§ 3.1-22.28. Right to farm; restrictive ordinances.
In order to limit the circumstances under which agricultural operations farms
may be deemed to be a nuisance, especially when nonagricultural land uses are initiated near
existing agricultural operations farms, no county shall adopt any ordinance
that requires that a special exception or special use permit be obtained for any
production agriculture or silviculture activity farm in an area that is
zoned as an agricultural district or classification. For the purpose of this
section, "production agriculture and silviculture" means the bona fide
production or harvesting of agricultural or silvicultural products but shall
not include the processing of agricultural or silvicultural products or the
above ground application or storage of sewage sludge. However, counties may
adopt setback requirements, minimum area requirements, and other requirements that
apply to land on which agriculture and silviculture activity is occurring farms
in areas within the locality that is are zoned as an agricultural district or
classification. No county, city or town shall enact zoning ordinances which
would unreasonably restrict or regulate farm structures or farming and forestry
practices in an agricultural district or classification unless such
restrictions bear a relationship to the health, safety and general welfare of
its citizens. This section shall become effective on April 1, 1995, and from
and after that date all land zoned to an agricultural district or
classification shall be in conformity with this section.
§ 3.1-22.29. When farms do not constitute nuisance.
A. No agricultural operation farm or any of its appurtenances shall be or
become a nuisance, private or public, if such operations are conducted the farm
is operated in accordance with existing best management practices and comply
with existing laws and regulations of the Commonwealth. The provisions of this
section shall not apply whenever a nuisance results from the negligent or improper
operation of any such agricultural operation a farm or its appurtenances.
B. For the purposes of this chapter, "agricultural operation" shall mean any
operation devoted to the bona fide production of crops, or animals, or fowl,
including but not limited to the production of fruits and vegetables of all kinds;
meat, dairy, and poultry products; nuts, tobacco, nursery and floral products;
and the production and harvest of products from silviculture activity.
C. The provisions of subsection A shall not affect or defeat the right of any
person, firm, or corporation to recover damages for any injuries or damages
sustained by them on account of any pollution of, or change in condition of,
the waters of any stream or on the account of any overflow of lands of any such
person, firm, or corporation.
D C. Any and all ordinances of any unit of local government now in effect or
hereafter adopted that would make the operation of any such agricultural
operation farm or its appurtenances a nuisance or providing for abatement
thereof as a nuisance in the circumstance set forth in this section are and
shall be null and void; however, the provisions of this section shall not apply
whenever a nuisance results from the negligent or improper operation of any
such agricultural operation farm or any of its appurtenances.
§ 3.1-22.29:1. Definition of “farm.”
For the purpose of this chapter, "farm" means any operation devoted to the bona fide production of crops or animals, including but not limited to the production of fruits and vegetables of all kinds; meat, dairy, and poultry products; nuts, tobacco, nursery and floral products; and the production and harvest of products from silviculture activity. “Farm” shall not include facilities for the processing of agricultural or silvicultural products or the production of animals in a confined animal feeding operation with 300 or more animal units or land on which the above-ground application or storage of sewage sludge occurs.
§ 15.2-2288. Localities may not require a special use permit for farms.
A zoning ordinance shall not require that a special exception or special use
permit be obtained for any production agriculture or silviculture activity
farm, as defined in § 3.1-22.29:1, in an area that is zoned as an agricultural
district or classification. For the purposes of this section, production
agriculture and silviculture is the bona fide production or harvesting of
agricultural or silviculture products but shall not include the processing of
agricultural or silviculture products or the above ground application or
storage of sewage sludge. However, localities may adopt setback requirements,
minimum area requirements and other requirements that apply to land used for
agriculture or silviculture activity farms in areas within the locality that is
are zoned as an agricultural district or classification.