SEARCH SITE
VIRGINIA LAW PORTAL
- Code of Virginia
- Virginia Administrative Code
- Constitution of Virginia
- Charters
- Authorities
- Compacts
- Uncodified Acts
- RIS Users (account required)
SEARCHABLE DATABASES
- Bills & Resolutions
session legislation - Bill Summaries
session summaries - Reports to the General Assembly
House and Senate documents - Legislative Liaisons
State agency contacts
ACROSS SESSIONS
- Subject Index: Since 1995
- Bills & Resolutions: Since 1994
- Summaries: Since 1994
Developed and maintained by the Division of Legislative Automated Systems.
2012 SESSION
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §§ 8.01-391, 8.01-431, 15.2-1412, 17.1-213, 20-25, 27-42, and 32.1-69.1:1 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted as follows:
§ 8.01-391. Copies of originals as evidence.
A. Whenever the original of any official publication or other record has been filed in an action or introduced as evidence, the court may order the original to be returned to its custodian, retaining in its stead a copy thereof. The court may make any order to prevent the improper use of the original.
B. If any department, division, institution, agency, board, or commission of this Commonwealth, of another state or country, or of the United States, or of any political subdivision or agency of the same, acting pursuant to the law of the respective jurisdiction or other proper authority, has copied any record made in the performance of its official duties, such copy shall be as admissible into evidence as the original, whether the original is in existence or not, provided that such copy is authenticated as a true copy either by the custodian of said record or by the person to whom said custodian reports, if they are different, and is accompanied by a certificate that such person does in fact have the custody.
C. If any court or clerk's office of a court of this Commonwealth, of another state or country, or of the United States, or of any political subdivision or agency of the same, has copied any record made in the performance of its official duties, such copy shall be admissible into evidence as the original, whether the original is in existence or not, provided that such copy is authenticated as a true copy by a clerk or deputy clerk of such court.
D. If any business or member of a profession or calling in the regular course of business or activity has made any record or received or transmitted any document, and again in the regular course of business has caused any or all of such record or document to be copied, the copy shall be as admissible in evidence as the original, whether the original exists or not, provided that such copy is satisfactorily identified and authenticated as a true copy by a custodian of such record or by the person to whom said custodian reports, if they be different, and is accompanied by a certificate that said person does in fact have the custody. Copies in the regular course of business shall be deemed to include reproduction at a later time, if done in good faith and without intent to defraud. Copies in the regular course of business shall include items such as checks which are regularly copied before transmission to another person or bank, or records which are acted upon without receipt of the original when the original is retained by another party.
E. The original of which a copy has been made may be
destroyed in the regular course of business
unless its preservation is required by law, or its validity has been
questioned.
E F. The introduction in an action of a copy
under this section neither precludes neither the introduction or
admission of the original nor the introduction of a copy or the original in
another action.
F G. Copy, as used in this section, shall
include photographs, microphotographs, photostats, microfilm, microcard,
printouts or other reproductions of electronically stored data, or copies from
optical disks, electronically transmitted facsimiles, or any other reproduction
of an original from a process which forms a durable medium for its recording,
storing, and reproducing.
§ 8.01-431. Judgment or decree by confession in pending suit.
In any suit a defendant may, whether the suit be is
on the court docket or not, confess a judgment in the clerk's office for so
much principal and interest as the plaintiff may be willing to accept a
judgment or decree for. The same shall be entered of record by the clerk in the
order book and be as final and as valid as if entered in court on the day of
such confession. And the clerk shall enter upon the margin of such book
opposite where such judgment or decree is entered, the date and time of the day
at which the same was confessed, and the lien of such judgment or decree shall
run from the time such judgment is recorded on the judgment lien docket of the
clerk's office of the county or city in which land of the defendant lies. The
clerk may require that a separate instrument be prepared setting forth the
necessary information and shall record and index such instrument according to
law.
§ 15.2-1412. Reproductions of records and documents and legal status thereof; destruction of originals.
Any locality may provide for the photographing or microphotographing, or the recording by any other process which accurately reproduces or forms a durable medium for reproducing the original of all or any part of the papers, records, documents or other material kept by or in the charge of any department, agency or institution of such locality in accordance with such standards and retention schedules as may be issued in pursuance of § 42.1-82.
A reproduction thereof if substantially the same size as the original, when satisfactorily identified, is as admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding whether the original is in existence or not, and an enlargement or facsimile of such reproduction is likewise admissible in evidence if the original reproduction is in existence and available for inspection under direction of the court. The introduction of a reproduced record, enlargement or facsimile, does not preclude admission of the original.
Whenever photographs or microphotographs have been made and put in conveniently accessible files, and provision has been made for preserving, examining and using the same, the locality may notify the Librarian of Virginia that it intends to destroy the records and papers so photographed or microphotographed, or any part thereof. If within sixty days the Librarian of Virginia has not notified the locality that such records or papers should be retained, the locality may destroy them. A locality may also, in its discretion, consult with the locality's librarian with reference to the advisability of destroying any such records, papers, documents or other material because of any historical significance or value.
With the approval of the judge of the circuit court entered
of record, the clerk of the circuit court and the clerk of the district court, if
directed to do so by the governing body, may microphotograph records in their respective
offices which are not required for current use. No record so microphotographed shall
be destroyed but may be stored in a safe place. The microphotograph or a certified
copy thereof shall have the same force and effect as the original record.
§ 17.1-213. Disposition of papers in ended cases.
A. All case files for cases ended prior to January 1, 1913, shall be permanently maintained in hardcopy form, either in the locality served by the circuit court where such files originated or in The Library of Virginia in accordance with the provisions of § 42.1-86 and subsection C of § 42.1-87.
B. The following records for cases ending on or after January
1, 1913, may be destroyed in their entirety at the discretion of the clerk of
each circuit court after having been shall be retained for 10 years
after conclusion:
1. Conditional sales contracts;
2. Concealed weapons permit applications;
3. Minister appointments;
4. Petitions for appointment of trustee;
5. Name changes;
6. Nolle prosequi cases;
7. Civil actions that are voluntarily dismissed, including nonsuits, cases that are dismissed as settled and agreed, cases that are dismissed with or without prejudice, cases that are discontinued or dismissed under § 8.01-335, and district court appeals dismissed under § 16.1-113 prior to 1988;
8. Misdemeanor and traffic cases, except as provided in subdivision C 3, including those which were commenced on a felony charge but concluded as a misdemeanor;
9. Suits to enforce a lien;
10. Garnishments;
11. Executions except for those covered in § 8.01-484;
12. Miscellaneous oaths and qualifications, but only if the order or oath or qualification is spread in the appropriate order book; and
13. Civil cases pertaining to declarations of habitual offender status and full restoration of driving privileges.
C. All other records or cases ending on or after January 1,
1913, may be destroyed in their entirety at the discretion of the clerk of each
circuit court shall be retained subject to the following guidelines:
1. All civil case files to which subsection D does not pertain
may be destroyed after shall be retained 20 years from the court
order date.
2. All criminal cases dismissed, including those not a true
bill, acquittals, and not guilty verdicts, may be destroyed after
shall be retained 10 years from the court order date.
3. All criminal case files involving a felony conviction and
all criminal case files involving a misdemeanor conviction under § 16.1-253.2,
18.2-57.2, or 18.2-60.4 may be destroyed shall be
retained (i) after 20 years from the sentencing date or (ii) when
until the sentence term ends, whichever comes later.
D. Under the provisions of subsections B and C, the entire file of any case deemed by the local clerk of court to have historical value, as defined in § 42.1-77, or genealogical or sensational significance shall be retained permanently as shall all cases in which the title to real estate is established, conveyed or condemned by an order or decree of the court. The final order for all cases in which the title to real estate is so affected shall include an appropriate notification thereof to the clerk.
E. Except as provided in subsection A, the clerk of a circuit
court may cause (i) any or all ended records, papers, or
documents pertaining to civil and criminal cases which have been
ended for a period of three years
or longer; (ii) any unexecuted search warrants and affidavits for
unexecuted search warrants, provided at least three years have passed since
issued; (iii) any abstracts of judgments; and (iv) original wills, to be
destroyed if such records, papers, documents, or wills no longer have
administrative, fiscal, historical, or legal value to warrant continued
retention, provided such records, papers, or documents have been microfilmed or
converted to an electronic format. Such microfilm and microphotographic
processes and equipment shall meet state archival microfilm standards pursuant
to § 42.1-82, or such electronic format shall follow state electronic
records guidelines, and such records, papers, or documents so converted shall
be placed in conveniently accessible files and provisions made for examining
and using same. The clerk shall further provide security negative copies of any
such microfilmed materials for storage in The Library of Virginia.
§ 20-25. Persons other than ministers who may perform rites.
Any Upon petition filed with the clerk and payment
of applicable clerk's fees, any circuit court judge may issue an order
authorizing one or more persons, resident in the circuit in which the judge
sits, to celebrate the rites of marriage in the Commonwealth. Any person so
authorized shall, before acting, enter into bond in the penalty of $500, with
or without surety, as the court may direct. Any order made under this section
may be rescinded at any time.
Any judge or justice of a court of record, any judge of a district court or any retired judge or justice of the Commonwealth or any active, senior or retired federal judge or justice who is a resident of the Commonwealth may celebrate the rites of marriage anywhere in the Commonwealth without the necessity of bond or order of authorization.
§ 27-42. Definition of term "volunteer fire fighters.”
For the purposes of this article the term "volunteer fire
fighters" shall include only members of any organized fire-fighting
company which has in its possession and operates fire-fighting apparatus and
equipment, whose members serve without pay and whose names have been duly certified
by the secretary of such company as active members thereof to the clerk of the circuit
court of the county or city as the case may be. The respective clerks shall keep
a complete and accurate record of all names so certified in a book provided by the
governing body of such county or city. Names shall be added to or stricken from
such record upon the certificate of the secretary of any such company that such
action has been decided by his organization in due form. are maintained
on a list kept by the secretary of such company. It shall be the responsibility
of the secretary of such company to (i) file the list with the office of the
clerk of the circuit court where such company is located, (ii) keep the list of
such members up to date, and (iii) file the updated list with the clerk in a
timely manner. The clerk shall not be responsible to obtain the list or an
updated list from the secretary of the fire-fighting company if the list is not
filed with the clerk.
§ 32.1-69.1:1. Dissemination of information regarding birth defects.
The Commissioner shall develop a publication concerning the
role of folic acid in the prevention of birth defects for distribution to
physicians, hospitals and other medical facilities, and local health
departments for use with patients. Such information shall also be provided to
the clerks of county and city circuit courts for inclusion in health information
required to be furnished to applicants for marriage licenses, pursuant to § 20-14.2.
The publication shall be distributed by the Virginia Department of Health to
the offices of the clerks of the circuit courts and made available to
applicants for marriage licenses.
2. That §§ 17.1-209, 20-14.2, and 38.2-2411 of the Code of Virginia are repealed.