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2007 SESSION
075594332Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §§ 24.2-626 and 24.2-802 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted and that the Code of Virginia is amended by adding sections numbered 24.2-625.2 and 24.2-626.1 as follows:
§ 24.2-625.2. Prohibition of wireless communications on voting equipment.
There shall be no wireless communications on election day between or among voting machines within the polling place or between any voting machine within the polling place and any equipment outside the polling place. For purposes of this section, the term wireless communication shall mean the ability to transfer information via electromagnetic waves without the use of electrical conductors.
§ 24.2-626. Governing bodies shall acquire electronic voting or counting systems.
A. The governing body of each county having an
optional form of government and of each city shall provide for the
use of mechanical or electronic voting or counting systems, of a kind
approved by the State Board, at every precinct and for all elections held in
the county, the city, or any part of the county or city. The governing body
of every other county shall provide for the use of such systems at every
precinct having 750 or more registered voters. No county shall divide or create
precincts so that resulting precincts will contain fewer than 750 registered
voters, in order to avoid the requirements of this section.
Each county and city governing body shall purchase, lease, lease purchase, or otherwise acquire such systems and may provide for the payment therefor in the manner it deems proper. Systems of different kinds may be adopted for use and be used in different precincts of the same county or city, or within a precinct or precincts in a county or city, subject to the approval of the State Board.
Any county may acquire such systems for precincts
containing fewer than 750 registered voters.
The governing body of a town may provide for the use of
paper ballots, in lieu of such systems, in elections for town offices and in
town referendum elections if every town precinct contains 500 or fewer
registered voters.
B. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this
section, the governing body of any county may elect to use paper ballots
throughout the county so long as the county meets the following criteria: (i)
the population of the county is less than 7,000 according to the 1990 United
States Census; (ii) the county is divided into six precincts; (iii) no precinct
contains 1,000 or more registered voters; and (iv) the county has not provided
for the use of mechanical or electronic voting or counting systems in any
precinct prior to July 1, 1996.
On and after July 1, 2007, no county or city shall acquire any direct recording electronic machine (DRE) for use in elections in the county or city. DREs acquired prior to July 1, 2007, may be used in elections in the county or city for the remainder of their useful life.
§ 24.2-626.1. Acquisition and use of accessible voting devices.
The governing body of any county or city shall provide for the use of a voting or counting system in all elections that shall:
1. Provide for at least one voting system equipped for individuals with disabilities at each polling place, including nonvisual accessibility for the blind and visually impaired, in a manner that provides the same opportunity for access and participation (including privacy and independence) as for other voters; and
2. Provide alternative language accessibility when required by § 203 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 USC § 1973aa-1a).
§ 24.2-802. Procedure for recount.
A. The State Board of Elections shall promulgate standards for (i) the proper handling and security of voting and counting devices, ballots, and other materials required for a recount, (ii) accurate determination of votes based upon objective evidence and taking into account the counting device and form of ballots approved for use in the Commonwealth, and (iii) any other matters that will promote a timely and accurate resolution of the recount. The chief judge of the circuit court or the full recount court may, consistent with State Board of Elections standards, resolve disputes over the application of the standards and direct all other appropriate measures to ensure the proper conduct of the recount.
The recount procedures to be followed throughout the election district shall be as uniform as practicable, taking into account the types of ballots and voting devices in use in the election district.
B. Within seven calendar days of the filing of the petition
for a recount of any election other than an election for presidential electors,
or within five calendar days of the filing of a petition for a recount of an
election for presidential electors, the chief judge of the circuit court shall
call a preliminary hearing at which (i) motions may be disposed of and (ii) the
rules of procedure may be fixed, both subject to review by the full court. As
part of the preliminary hearing, the chief judge may permit the petitioner and
his counsel, together with each other party and his counsel and at least two
members of the electoral board and the custodians, to examine any mechanical
or direct electronic voting device of the type that prints returns when the
print-out sheets are not clearly legible. The petitioner and his counsel and
each other party and their counsel under supervision of the electoral board and
its agents shall also have access to pollbooks and other materials used in the
election for examination purposes, provided that individual ballots cast in the
election shall not be examined at the preliminary hearing. The chief judge
during the preliminary hearing shall review all security measures taken for all
ballots and voting devices and direct, as he deems necessary, all appropriate
measures to ensure proper security to conduct the recount.
The chief judge, subject to review by the full court, may set the place or places for the recount and may order the delivery of election materials to a central location and the transportation of voting devices to a central location in each county or city under appropriate safeguards.
After the full court is appointed under § 24.2-801 or § 24.2-801.1, it shall call a hearing at which all motions shall be disposed of and the rules of procedure shall be fixed finally. The court shall call for the advice and cooperation of the State Board or any local electoral board, as appropriate, and such boards shall have the duty and authority to assist the court. The court shall fix procedures that shall provide for the accurate determination of votes in the election.
The determination of the votes in a recount shall be based on votes cast in the election and shall not take into account (i) any absentee ballots or provisional ballots sought to be cast but ruled invalid and not cast in the election, (ii) ballots cast only for administrative or test purposes and voided by the officers of election, or (iii) ballots spoiled by a voter and replaced with a new ballot.
The eligibility of any voter to have voted shall not be an issue in a recount. Commencing upon the filing of the recount, nothing shall prevent the discovery or disclosure of any evidence that could be used pursuant to § 24.2-803 in contesting the results of an election.
C. The court shall permit each candidate, or petitioner and
governing body or chief executive officer, to select an equal number of the
officers of election to be recount officials and to count ballots, or in the
case of mechanical or direct electronic voting devices to redetermine
the vote. The number shall be fixed by the court and be sufficient to conduct
the recount within a reasonable period. The court may permit each party to the
recount to submit a list of alternate officials in the number the court
directs. There shall be at least one team of recount officials to recount paper
ballots and to redetermine the vote cast on mechanical or direct
electronic devices of the type that prints returns for the election district at
large in which the recount is being held. There shall be at least one team
from each locality in the election district to redetermine the vote on other
types of mechanical voting devices. There shall be at least one team from
each locality using electronic counting devices to insert the ballots into one
or more counting devices. The counting devices shall be programmed to count
only votes cast for parties to the recount or for or against the question in a
referendum recount. Each team shall be composed of one representative of each
party.
The court may provide that if, at the time of the recount, any recount official fails to appear, the remaining recount officials present shall appoint substitute recount officials who shall possess the same qualifications as the recount officials for whom they substitute. The court may select pairs of recount coordinators to serve for each county or city in the election district who shall be members of the county or city electoral board and represent different political parties. The court shall have authority to summon such officials and coordinators. On the request of any party to the recount, the court shall allow that party to appoint one representative observer for each team of recount officials. The representative observers shall have an unobstructed view of the work of the recount officials. The expenses of its representatives shall be borne by each party.
D. The court (i) shall supervise the recount and (ii) may require delivery of any or all pollbooks used and any or all ballots cast at the election, or may assume supervision thereof through the recount coordinators and officials.
The redetermination of the vote in a recount shall be conducted as follows:
1. For paper ballots, the recount officials shall hand count the ballots using the standards promulgated by the State Board pursuant to subsection A.
2. For mechanical lever machines without printouts, the
recount officials shall open the machines and read the counters.
3. For mechanical lever machines with printouts and direct
recording electronic machines (DREs), the recount officials shall open the
envelopes with the printouts and read the results from the printouts. If the
printout is not clear, or on the request of the court, the recount officials
shall rerun the printout from the machine or examine the counters as
appropriate.
4. For optical scan tabulators, the recount officials shall first examine the printout to redetermine the vote. Only if the printout is not clear, or on the request of the court, the recount officials shall rerun all the ballots through a tabulator programmed to count only the votes for the office or issue in question in the recount and to set aside all ballots containing write-in votes, overvotes, and undervotes. The ballots that are set aside, any ballots not accepted by the tabulator, and any ballots for which a tabulator could not be programmed to meet the programming requirements of this subdivision, shall be hand counted using the standards promulgated by the State Board pursuant to subsection A.
5. For punchcard tabulators, the recount officials shall
first examine the printout to redetermine the vote. Only if the printout is not
clear, or on the request of the court, the recount officials shall rerun all
the ballots through a tabulator programmed to count only the votes for the
office or issue in question in the recount and to set aside all ballots
containing write-in votes and, if possible, overvotes and undervotes. The
ballots that are set aside and any ballots not accepted by the tabulator shall
be hand counted using the standards promulgated by the State Board pursuant to
subsection A and the standards set forth in this subdivision. The following
standards shall apply in determining whether a ballot has been properly voted
and should be counted. A chad is the small piece of a punch card ballot that,
when removed by the voter in the voting process, leaves a hole that is
recognizable by a ballot tabulator. A ballot on which the chad indicating the
selection of a candidate or position on an issue is broken or separated from
the card at two or more corners shall be deemed a vote and counted; a chad on
which only one corner is broken or separated from the card shall not be
considered a vote. No other depression, dimple, or other mark on the ballot
shall be counted as a vote. On any ballot on which two or more corners of the
chad indicating the selection of a candidate or position have been broken or
separated from the card and the voter has also cast a vote for another
candidate for the same office or position on the same issue, the partially
punched chad also shall be deemed a vote and, if the voter has cast more votes
than the number for which he was lawfully entitled to vote, the ballot shall be
deemed an overvote and shall not be counted with respect to that office or
issue.
There shall be only one redetermination of the vote in each precinct.
At the conclusion of the recount of each precinct, the recount
officials shall write down the number of valid ballots cast, this number being
obtained from the ballots cast in the precinct, or from the ballots cast as
shown on the statement of results if the ballots cannot be found, for each of
the two candidates or for and against the question. They shall submit the
ballots or the statement of results used, as to the validity of which questions
exist, to the court. The written statement of any one recount official
challenging a ballot shall be sufficient to require its submission to the
court. If, on all mechanical or direct electronic voting devices, the
number of persons voting in the election, or the number of votes cast for the
office or on the question, totals more than the number of names on the
pollbooks of persons voting on the devices, the figures recorded by the devices
shall be accepted as correct.
At the conclusion of the recount of all precincts, after allowing the parties to inspect the questioned ballots, and after hearing arguments, the court shall rule on the validity of all questioned ballots and votes. After determining all matters pertaining to the recount and redetermination of the vote as raised by the parties, the court shall certify to the State Board and the electoral board or boards (a) the vote for each party to the recount and declare the person who received the higher number of votes to be nominated or elected, as appropriate, or (b) the votes for and against the question and declare the outcome of the referendum. The State Board shall post on the Internet any and all changes made during the recount to the results as previously certified by it pursuant to § 24.2-679.
E. Costs of the recount shall be assessed against the counties and cities comprising the election district when (i) the candidate petitioning for the recount is declared the winner; (ii) the petitioners in a recount of a referendum win the recount; or (iii) there was between the candidate apparently nominated or elected and the candidate petitioning for the recount a difference of not more than one-half of one percent of the total vote cast for the two such candidates as determined by the State Board or electoral board prior to the recount. Otherwise the costs of the recount shall be assessed against the candidate petitioning for the recount or the petitioners in a recount of a referendum. If more than one candidate petitions for a recount, the court may assess costs in an equitable manner between the counties and cities and any such candidate if both are liable for costs under this subsection. Costs incurred to date shall be assessed against any candidate or petitioner who defaults or withdraws his petition.
F. The court shall determine the costs of the recount subject to the following limitations: (i) no per diem payment shall be assessed for salaried election officials; (ii) no per diem payment to officers of election serving as recount officials shall exceed two-thirds of the per diem paid such officers by the county or city for service on election day; and (iii) per diem payments to alternates shall be allowed only if they serve.
G. Any petitioner who may be assessed with costs under subsection E shall post a bond with surety with the court in the amount of $10 per precinct in the area subject to recount. If the petitioner wins the recount, the bond shall not be forfeit. If the petitioner loses the recount, the bond shall be forfeit only to the extent of the assessed costs. If the assessed costs exceed the bond, he shall be liable for such excess.
H. The recount proceeding shall be final and not subject to appeal.
I. For the purposes of this section:
"Overvote" means a ballot on which a voter casts a vote for a greater number of candidates or positions than the number for which he was lawfully entitled to vote and no vote shall be counted with respect to that office or issue.
"Undervote" means a ballot on which a voter casts a vote for a lesser number of candidates or positions than the number for which he was lawfully entitled to vote.
2. That the State Board of Elections shall be authorized to determine the equitable allocation of any federal or state funds made available to implement the provisions of this act among the counties and cities of the Commonwealth.